Role of COX-2, PPAR-γ, and cannabinoid receptors in cannabidiol-mediated apoptotic cell death
Viability (mean ± SEM) | DNA fragmentation (mean ± SEM) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
A549 | H460 | A549 | H460 | |
Vehicle | 100% ± 7% | 100% ± 3% | 100% ± 6% | 100% ± 4% |
CBD | 49% ± 9%c | 17% ± 2%c | 541% ± 126%b | 391% ± 80%a |
CBD + AM-251 | 50% ± 2%c,e | 14% ± 2%c,e | 458% ± 65%b,e | 409% ± 88%a,e |
CBD + AM-630 | 45% ± 5%c,e | 8% ± 2%c,e | 679% ± 89%b,e | 360% ± 6%a,e |
CBD + AM-251 + AM-630 | 42% ± 3%c,e | 12% ± 2%c,e | 541% ± 35%b,e | 504% ± 118%b,e |
CBD + capsazepine | 53% ± 3%c,e | 22% ± 2%c,e | 599% ± 152%b,e | 429% ± 67%a,e |
Vehicle | 100% ± 3% | 100% ± 2% | 100% ± 10% | 100% ± 15% |
CBD | 24% ± 7%c | 41% ± 3%c | 423% ± 74%c | 573% ± 65%c |
CBD + NS-398 | 82% ± 9%d | 67% ± 7%d | 81% ± 6%d | 170% ± 35%d |
CBD + GW9662 | 76% ± 4%d | 67% ± 8%d | 81% ± 7%d | 168% ± 30%d |
CBD + NS-398 + GW9662 | 112% ± 8%d,f,i | 90% ± 7%d,g,h | 56% ± 7%d | 57% ± 2%d |
NS-398 | 112% ± 3% | 100% ± 1% | 90% ± 10% | 115% ± 16% |
GW9662 | 104% ± 4% | 95% ± 4% | 114% ± 27% | 98% ± 18% |
NOTE: Cells were incubated with cannabidiol (3 μmol/L) or vehicle for 48 hours (WST-1 test) or 18 hours (DNA fragmentation) following a 1-hour pretreatment with AM-251 (CB1 antagonist; 1 μmol/L), AM-630 (CB2 antagonist; 1 μmol/L), capsazepine (TRPV1 antagonist; 1 μmol/L), NS-398 (COX-2 inhibitor; 1 μmol/L), or GW9662 (PPAR-γ antagonist; 10 μmol/L). Values are mean ± SEM of n = 6–12 (WST), n = 3–8 (DNA fragmentation of GW9662- and NS-398–treated cells), n = 8 (DNA fragmentation of cells treated with AM-251, AM-630, and capsazepine) experiments.
Abbreviation: CBD, cannabidiol.