Table 2.

Clinical development of 1α,25(OH)2D3 and its analogues for cancer treatment

StudyTreatmentPatientsProtocolRef.
Phase II1α,25(OH)2D3 + dexamethasoneProstate cancer before prostatectomyTwice weekly p.o.Ongoing study*
Phase II1α,25(OH)2D3 + mitoxantrone + prednisoneProstate cancerHigh-dose pulse p.o.Ongoing study*
Phase II1α,25(OH)2D3 + docetaxelPancreatic cancerWeekly p.o.Ongoing study*
Phase II1α,25(OH)2D3Prostate cancer before prostatectomyWeekly p.o.(98)
Phase II1α,25(OH)2D3 + docetaxelProstate cancerWeekly p.o.(99)
Phase II1α,25(OH)2D3 + carboplatinProstate cancerWeekly p.o.(100)
Phase II1α(OH)D2Prostate cancer before prostatectomyDaily p.o.Ongoing study*
Phase II1α(OH)D2Prostate cancerDaily p.o.(105)
Phase IIEB1089Liver cancerDaily p.o.(103)
Phase IIEB1089Pancreatic cancerDaily p.o.(104)
Phase I1α,25(OH)2D3 + ketoconazole + dexamethasoneAdvanced solid tumorsDays 1-3/wk p.o.Ongoing study*
Phase I1α,25(OH)2D3 + gefitinib + dexamethasoneAdvanced solid tumorsWeekly i.v.Ongoing study*
Phase I/II1α,25(OH)2D3 + docetaxel + estramustineProstate cancerHigh-dose pulse p.o.(101)
Phase I1α,25(OH)2D3 + paclitaxelAdvanced solid tumorsDays 1-3/wk p.o.(95)
Phase I1α,25(OH)2D3Liver cancerDaily hepatic infusion(97)
Phase I1α,25(OH)2D3Advanced malignancyWeekly p.o.(94)
Phase I1α,25(OH)2D3Advanced malignancyEvery other day s.c.(93)
Phase I19-Nor-1α,25(OH)2D2 + gemcitabineAdvanced malignancyWeekly i.v.Ongoing study*
Phase I16-Ene-23-yne-1α,25(OH)2D3Advanced malignancyDaily p.o.(108)
Phase I1α(OH)D2Prostate cancerDaily p.o.(106)
Phase IEB1089Breast and colorectal cancerDaily p.o.(102)
No phase specified19-Nor-1α,25(OH)2D2 + zoledronateMultiple myeloma or other plasma cell disorderWeekly i.v.Ongoing study*