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Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
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Article

Modulation of chemotherapy resistance in regional therapy: a novel therapeutic approach to advanced extremity melanoma using intra-arterial temozolomide in combination with systemic O6-benzylguanine

Tomio Ueno, Sae Hee Ko, Elizabeth Grubbs, Yasunori Yoshimoto, Christi Augustine, Zeinab Abdel-Wahab, Tsung-Yen Cheng, Omar I. Abdel-Wahab, Scott K. Pruitt, Henry S. Friedman and Douglas S. Tyler
Tomio Ueno
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Sae Hee Ko
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Elizabeth Grubbs
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Yasunori Yoshimoto
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Christi Augustine
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Zeinab Abdel-Wahab
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Tsung-Yen Cheng
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Omar I. Abdel-Wahab
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Scott K. Pruitt
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Henry S. Friedman
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Douglas S. Tyler
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DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-05-0098 Published March 2006
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Abstract

This study investigated whether the therapeutic index of regional melanoma therapy using parenteral temozolomide could be improved by chemomodulation with O6-benzylguanine (O6BG), an inhibitor of the DNA repair enzyme O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT). Using a nude rat s.c. human melanoma xenograft model of the extremity, tumors were analyzed for AGT level 2 to 3 hours after the i.p. injection of 3.5 to 70.0 mg/kg O6BG to inhibit AGT activity. Survival studies were conducted using animals that were treated with a 15-minute isolated limb infusion with 10% DMSO in PBS (control), temozolomide alone, or temozolomide in conjunction with single or multiple doses of i.p. O6BG. Tumor volume and toxicity level were monitored every other day. Administration of 3.5 mg/kg O6BG depleted tumor AGT activity by 93.5% (P < 0.01). Groups treated with regional temozolomide alone (350 mg/kg), systemic temozolomide with O6BG, or vehicle combined with O6BG showed no significant tumor responses compared with controls. Whereas use of regional temozolomide alone at a higher dose (750 mg/kg) showed some degree of tumor response, regional temozolomide given in conjunction with multiple dosages of O6BG showed a marked (P < 0.01) reduction in tumor growth with minimal toxicity. Our findings suggest that AGT modulation by the administration of O6BG in combination with temozolomide regional chemotherapy leads to a significant improvement in melanoma antitumor responses. Clinical trials using chemotherapy modulation may improve response rates in future regional infusion and perfusion drug trials. [Mol Cancer Ther 2006;5(3):732–8]

Keywords:
  • Regional therapy
  • Melanoma
  • Temozolomide
  • O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT)
  • O6-benzylguanine (O6BG)

Footnotes

  • Grant support: Veterans Affairs Merit Review (D.S. Tyler), Veterans Affairs Institute of Medical Research (D.S. Tyler), and Correlative Science Committee of the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group (D.S. Tyler).

  • The costs of publication of this article were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This article must therefore be hereby marked advertisement in accordance with 18 U.S.C. Section 1734 solely to indicate this fact.

    • Accepted January 11, 2006.
    • Received April 4, 2005.
    • Revision received December 4, 2005.
  • American Association for Cancer Research
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Molecular Cancer Therapeutics: 5 (3)
March 2006
Volume 5, Issue 3
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Modulation of chemotherapy resistance in regional therapy: a novel therapeutic approach to advanced extremity melanoma using intra-arterial temozolomide in combination with systemic O6-benzylguanine
Tomio Ueno, Sae Hee Ko, Elizabeth Grubbs, Yasunori Yoshimoto, Christi Augustine, Zeinab Abdel-Wahab, Tsung-Yen Cheng, Omar I. Abdel-Wahab, Scott K. Pruitt, Henry S. Friedman and Douglas S. Tyler
Mol Cancer Ther March 1 2006 (5) (3) 732-738; DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-05-0098

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Modulation of chemotherapy resistance in regional therapy: a novel therapeutic approach to advanced extremity melanoma using intra-arterial temozolomide in combination with systemic O6-benzylguanine
Tomio Ueno, Sae Hee Ko, Elizabeth Grubbs, Yasunori Yoshimoto, Christi Augustine, Zeinab Abdel-Wahab, Tsung-Yen Cheng, Omar I. Abdel-Wahab, Scott K. Pruitt, Henry S. Friedman and Douglas S. Tyler
Mol Cancer Ther March 1 2006 (5) (3) 732-738; DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-05-0098
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Molecular Cancer Therapeutics
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